File:Atmospheric Transmission-en.svg is a vector version of this file. It should be used in place of this PNG file when not inferior. File:Atmospheric Transmission.png → File:Atmospheric Transmission-en.svg For more information, see Help:SVG. In other languages Alemannisch ∙ Bahasa Indonesia ∙ Bahasa Melayu ∙ British English ∙ català ∙ čeština ∙ dansk ∙ Deutsch ∙ eesti ∙ English ∙ español ∙ Esperanto ∙ euskara ∙ français ∙ Frysk ∙ galego ∙ hrvatski ∙ Ido ∙ italiano ∙ lietuvių ∙ magyar ∙ Nederlands ∙ norsk bokmål ∙ norsk nynorsk ∙ occitan ∙ Plattdüütsch ∙ polski ∙ português ∙ português do Brasil ∙ română ∙ Scots ∙ sicilianu ∙ slovenčina ∙ slovenščina ∙ suomi ∙ svenska ∙ Tiếng Việt ∙ Türkçe ∙ vèneto ∙ Ελληνικά ∙ беларуская (тарашкевіца) ∙ български ∙ македонски ∙ нохчийн ∙ русский ∙ српски / srpski ∙ татарча/tatarça ∙ українська ∙ ქართული ∙ հայերեն ∙ বাংলা ∙ தமிழ் ∙ മലയാളം ∙ ไทย ∙ 한국어 ∙ 日本語 ∙ 简体中文 ∙ 繁體中文 ∙ עברית ∙ العربية ∙ فارسی ∙ +/−

 

Transwiki approved by: w:en:User:Dmcdevit

This image was copied from wikipedia:en. The original description was:

Тлумачэнне

This figure shows the absorption bands in the Earth's atmosphere (middle panel) (when there are no clouds present: clouds average 60-65% cover and independently impact radiation transfer) and the effect that this has on both solar radiation and upgoing thermal radiation (top panel). Individual absorption spectrum for major greenhouse gases plus Rayleigh scattering are shown in the lower panel.

Both the Earth and the Sun emit electromagnetic radiation (e.g. light) that closely follows a blackbody spectrum, and which can be predicted based solely on their respective temperatures. For the Sun, these emissions peak in the visible region and correspond to a temperature of ~5500 K. Emissions from the Earth vary following variations in temperature across different locations and altitudes, but always peak in the infrared.

The position and number of absorption bands are determined by the chemical properties of the gases present. In the present atmosphere, water vapor is the most significant of these greenhouse gases, followed by carbon dioxide and various other minor greenhouse gases. In addition, Rayleigh scattering, the physical process that makes the sky blue, also disperses some incoming sunlight. Collectively these processes capture and redistribute 25-30% of the energy in direct sunlight passing through the atmosphere. By contrast, the greenhouse gases capture 70-85% of the energy in upgoing thermal radiation emitted from the Earth surface.

Data sources and notes

The data used for these figures is based primarily on Spectral Calculator of GATS, Inc. archive copy at the Wayback Machine which implements the LINEPAK system of calculating absorption spectra (Gordley et al. 1994) from the HITRAN2004 (Rothman et al. 2004) spectroscopic database. To aid presentation, the absorption spectra were smoothed. Features with a bandwidth narrower than 0.5% of their wavelength may be obscured.

Calculations were done on the assumption of direct vertical transmission through an atmosphere with gas concentrations representative of modern day averages. In particular, absorption would be greater for radiation traveling obliquely through the atmosphere as it would encounter more gas.

The total scattering and absorption curve includes only the components indicated in the lower panel. These represent the vast majority of absorption contributing to the greenhouse effect and follow the treatment of Peixoto and Oort (1992), but other minor species such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) have been omitted. Also omitted was scattering due to aerosols and other sources besides Rayleigh scattering.

The peaks in the blackbody spectra were adjusted to have the same height for ease in presentation.

Copyright

This figure was prepared by Robert A. Rohde for the Global Warming Art project.

Image from Global Warming Art

This image is an original work created for Global Warming Art. Please refer to the image description page for more information.

Дазваляецца капіяваць, распаўсюджваць і(або) мадыфікаваць гэты дакумент на ўмовах ліцэнзіі GNU FDL версіі 1.2 або навейшай, выдадзенай Фондам свабоднага праграмнага забеспячэння; без Нязменных раздзелаў, без тэкстаў Вокладак. Копія ліцэнзіі ёсць у раздзеле GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue

	Гэты файл даступны па ліцэнзіі Creative Commons Пазначэнне аўтарства - На тых самых умовах 3.0 Непартаваная
	Вы можаце свабодна: дзяліцца творам – капіраваць, распаўсюджваць і перадаваць гэты твор. ствараць вытворныя творы – адаптаваць гэты твор Пры выкананні наступных умоў: атрыбуцыя – вы павінны пазначыць аўтарства гэтага твора, даць спасылку на ліцэнзію і пазначыць ці рабіў аўтар якія-небудзь змены. Гэта можна рабіць кожным зразумелым чынам, але не так, каб наводзіць па думку, што ліцэнзіят падтрымлівае вас або выкарыстанне вамі гэтага твора. распаўсюджванне на тых жа ўмовах – Калі вы змяняеце, адаптуеце ці ствараеце вытворны твор на аснове гэтага, то павінны распаўсюджваць атрыманы ў выніку твор на ўмовах такой самай ці сумяшчальнай ліцэнзіі, што і арыгінал.
	Гэтая картка дададзеная ў якасці часткі абнаўлення ліцэнзіі GFDL.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/CC BY-SA 3.0Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0truetrue

References

• Gordley, Larry L., Benjamin T. Marshall, Allen D. Chu (1994). "LINEPAK: Algorithms for modeling spectral transmittance and radiance". Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 52 (5): 563-580. DOI:10.1016/0022-4073(94)90025-6.
• L.S. Rothman, D. Jacquemart, A. Barbe, D. Chris Benner, M. Birk, L.R. Brown, M.R. Carleer, C. Chackerian Jr., K. Chance, L.H. Coudert, V. Dana, V.M. Devi, J.-M. Flaud, R.R. Gamache, A. Goldman, J.-M. Hartmann, K.W. Jucks, A.G. Maki, J.-Y. Mandin, S.T. Massie, J. Orphal, A. Perrin, C.P. Rinsland, M.A.H. Smith, J. Tennyson, R.N. Tolchenov, R.A. Toth, J. Vander Auwera, P. Varanasi, G. Wagner (2004). "The HITRAN 2004 molecular spectroscopic database". Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer 96: 139-204.
• Peixoto, Jose P. and Abraham H. Oort (1992) Physics of Climate, Springer ISBN: 0883187124.

Other versions

[правіць]

.svg:

• 
  англійская .svg
• 
  французская .svg
• 
  македонская .svg
• 
  руская .svg
• 
  карэйская .svg

.png:

• 
  англійская .png
• 
  французская .png
• 
  польская .png
• 
  японская .png
• 
  арабская .png

Журнал арыгінальнай загрузкі

Image description page history