The author died in 1929, so this work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 80 years or fewer.

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929.

This usually means that one of the following conditions is fulfilled.

1. This work was originally published before January 1, 1929 and the known author of this work died:^[1]
   • (a) before January 1, 1950 or
   • (b) between January 1, 1950 and January 1, 1954, did not work during the Great Patriotic War and did not participate in it.
2. This work was originally published anonymously or under a pseudonym before January 1, 1929 and the name of the author did not become known during 50 years after publication, counted from January 1 of the year following the year of publication.
3. This work is a film (a video fragment or a single shot from it), which was first shown before January 1, 1929.
4. This work is an information report (including photo report), which was created by an employee of TASS, ROSTA, or KarelfinTAG as part of that person’s official duties between July 10, 1925^[2] and January 1, 1929, provided that it was first released in the stated period.

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929.
^[1] If the author of this work was subjected to repression and rehabilitated posthumously, replace the death date by the later rehabilitation date.
^[2] ROSTA reports created before July 10, 1925 are subjects of points 1-2 of this template.

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